曹东义 发表于 2022-7-11 17:33
: `& ^( O$ h( J' I7 U3 T% J合作伙伴和利益攸关方的战略行动:
; |/ `! Z7 u, I1. 鼓励消费者、各类技术服务提供者和研究人员积极参与培, T. B6 X5 Q8 h+ a3 J+ L% ]
训、服务 ... % c; f/ T( p- @! I$ q+ k, p7 O
5. 战略的实施1 `4 d- q* |# B5 H3 _4 j5 s# _
传统医学战略的目标是在以下方面支持会员国:
! e$ q9 s- j1 L1 ~3 Q1. 掌握利用传统和补充医学对健康、福祉和以人为本的卫生2 N! b# x# G* O4 s3 E6 R, x
保健的潜在贡献;
/ }- J( |1 y/ O' b; |/ t2. 通过对传统和补充医学产品、实践和技术服务提供者进行8 p8 p2 Y( o) }8 l6 f5 x0 ?
监管和评价,并酌情将其纳入卫生系统,促进其安全和有% f, \# D9 W' M' g
效地使用。. {) ] ^ r# h8 x
本战略的制定是为了协助会员国决定其需求并确定重点,有
0 [, Q' _) X) _1 O3 z; G效地提供服务,并制定适当的法规和政策以确保安全使用传统和
) }* Q- ?0 L' U7 T* K2 U; K+ a( Z' F补充医学产品与实践。必须牢记,本战略仅仅是一份指南,旨在$ K& x- ]! K% R- j/ W
协助各国根据本国的能力、优先重点、相关立法和情况制定传统2 `) Y, z1 S' H8 a/ f v1 b3 M
和补充医学战略目标。为此目的,世卫组织致力于监测战略的实5 r* C" S) t# @4 W* I3 K
施情况,并将尽可能广泛地进行传播。8 u) B# p* n- f6 \5 f3 w
与时俱进
& i# X) G7 c+ S- C( j, J在今后十年,将需要评估和重新考虑本战略,以便确保维持
. F U& j7 d# ~ d" ?5 ?$ F( Y其时代相关性。据预测,将在五年之后对战略进行评估以确定其
2 I" r( ^- J9 E- ^5 u+ V: c. Y具体目标、方向和总目标是否仍然适用并符合当时的现状。为了) S) T# X/ `# j6 }, y5 Q2 b! z
确定战略的总体影响,将在十年期限结束时完成更为彻底的评& B* V& J ~3 z# ~8 z4 G
估。
! y) S& S( r4 I4 ~7 D6 E衡量成果
- M+ H t/ `8 _, {, D! m为了使战略有效,必须以前后一致和客观的方式衡量其结
' \; v H1 B6 v$ H/ R果。虽然在使用传统和补充医学的方式方面有些共同点,但各会
^) o. g2 R* F* }1 r" M8 \员国之间存在差异。根据既定的三项战略目标,各会员国需要在
2 r% N1 a z/ @国家级层面制定绩效指标。希望本战略文件中提供的一般性范例# l/ S; d& J, y
将有助于会员国制定符合其具体需求的指标。根据每项战略目. x, K. m6 [1 i @0 z
标,世卫组织暂且制定了主要绩效指标的简要清单,将有助于会0 f& ?. b# A0 v" v5 G$ F
员国衡量传统医学战略的成果及进展情况(见表1)。) {& _3 O2 Y' V R5 F1 _' m
55
. M$ D9 F* F/ `566 l5 A; @- j* W" `9 Z
表1:主要绩效指标
3 \$ K+ W5 |& {7 l( T战略目标 战略方向 预期结果 关键指标- J+ a! D& j$ M& k/ i5 D5 v( A4 [
4.1 为制定适当的4 y% A' B1 w3 j% A$ Z0 s0 D
国家政策以积
, H' S& R# S) r3 ^# m, v6 Q3 z7 h极管理传统和
9 \1 G* \4 C7 ~2 E' }9 h- h6 o; I补充医学建立: }% g& r; h$ h$ |2 U y Y" A5 @4 f1 l
知识基础5 K9 t! w. F* S, s# Y- |( I0 g
4.1.1 了解并承认传& Q, a, O3 x, x8 e' n8 N8 w
统和补充医学" U6 x! v4 @" ^+ d- o* P
的作用与潜力
; Q0 K; q; |1 i/ @6 i3 @. ^4 F· 会员国已确认与分析传统和补充% }% B1 U1 ]7 \, n8 I# W
医学实践及技术服务提供者,并
( Q& }" a/ ^6 W2 k/ x* ?: B) p: k+ R已确定国家传统和补充医学概况# a5 l+ i/ b; o' m9 v' E
· 政府已确立传统和补充医学政策
* T! O" k$ n5 {% W与规划
9 ~7 x* B% H: \1 K' C9 a/ F' i* l! i* l/ s· 报告具有国家/省/% \. K$ ]& R" W' S# [- G
州传统和补充医学
7 R2 z! ]3 t4 G政策的会员国数量
$ g$ c6 b: e2 }· 报告已增加政府/$ {- M+ r K' V2 J
公立部门传统和补
; o7 A$ N8 H$ E充医学研究资金的& T& J8 V1 j1 x( c2 g0 @3 _
会员国数量
* K' C* i! `2 e) d) i1 ]3 Q4.1.2 加强知识基. A1 N! N* e" }6 N. H( z
础,建立证据
- o' V i7 y* J- ~7 A并维持资源) V5 L+ I" J3 I% p" q! b
· 已加强知识的产生、合作以及传
" ~0 c* {$ k# c( x3 f' }4 g) C1 \ b统医学资源可持久地使用0 X3 C7 O2 H- W" p
4.2 通过监管产' J- @1 T; z0 }% [/ ]2 H, K9 E; w
品、实践和技* ~, r0 b) ]1 m+ M3 q u, |& r
术服务提供
0 ~+ e4 Q7 _3 E8 a+ P3 I者,加强传统( _4 [# C0 g) r6 C) e
和补充医学的7 X% B; v' B& y$ A
质量保证、安
|# V2 p, }1 Z: `9 Z全性、适用性6 x1 I" W4 B; T% p5 x0 N2 o% J
和有效性
+ R. D& S: K" U0 Z0 Y4.2.1 承认产品监管
) G U- `7 s Z# ?4 L的作用和重要1 {! p1 l* b! P' Q9 k+ f% r+ o
性
4 R8 X( r+ x& Z" Y2 ]/ ^8 j1 {· 已确立和实施国家对传统和补充: s: q; b! T5 ]8 ~6 W5 \
医学产品的管制,包括注册
1 J0 n; W5 a% U$ a# Y0 j· 已加强监测传统和补充医学产品
! Z$ u1 P8 s7 w! }$ [5 |及其它传统和补充医学疗法的安
* G) O1 B0 I% u" W6 _全性; W7 R. E7 R9 |9 P% u9 c3 d- g
· 已制定用于评价传统和补充医学6 f9 i. S4 T+ e" }2 n
安全性、疗效与质量的技术指南! c' I1 t& q- P& B" ~
和方法
! {6 U3 h2 F. }1 H· 报告国家对传统和3 G3 _2 u$ T7 |* [$ g
补充医学产品进行
- L; W, ^( n9 D监管的会员国数量$ v: k! n% N2 ]7 B6 o
· 报告国家/省/州对
3 G, x2 }6 I+ }1 F1 \( u e传统和补充医学实) J2 w* Z7 i! ^/ {0 b5 t" W
践进行监管的会员7 `+ v, ]: {1 \8 B2 C* _; ]
国数量/ g& L, ~& i& S" f7 a1 \: u
· 报告国家/省/州对
2 f" P7 F2 u1 v# S) J' o传统和补充医学技
2 h' B: k9 a1 V; U( {/ L& h# Z术服务提供者进行/ a1 Z, P- Q, q
监管/注册的会员5 z7 K% c; y$ {% y h
国数量
: E% S5 \& W0 M+ A4.2.2 承认并制定实! a R3 H# h; g! z
践及技术服务* e6 c- C1 ~. ?0 S) V
提供者法规,
5 F. U2 b: u' F- |% ~0 M; v用于传统和补) i% i+ n1 d9 S4 d3 N
充医学教育与; h0 v; }+ l( _: e* E
培训、技能发( C" |4 U4 ]) {1 ?- s: L* h4 F: S
展、服务和疗
. N2 s% a( B @4 \' a! {! b$ F6 E法
3 ~: u2 o/ g& T: f8 r& T· 政府已为传统和补充医学产品、' M$ c! b; o; y) \2 Q
实践与技术服务提供者制定标准; @8 S# \) D. S
· 已为传统和补充医学技术服务提
9 f0 W8 G& ]8 d' b供者确立教育/培训规划、基本
# {2 g/ f& L8 t- g0 m- t规范和实施能力$ A6 B" K7 E% w( K
· 已改进传统和补充医学安全和有0 B! T9 E/ |" i/ c3 m; O0 S
效的使用: ^* ?# X2 O9 |0 ]# e0 n
4.3 通过把传统和
' i5 m C7 T- z. s补充医学服务
% n3 j" [; B4 x纳入卫生保健# i8 O0 O: B/ T; \
服务提供和自
" l7 J/ \8 B% V+ c4 V# f我卫生保健,# O- i4 g' d9 [/ s$ v- f0 h" _
促进全民健康
0 ^( b2 P1 ]. [5 U! k7 p3 A6 ]覆盖
* K. a# n. P) F: H8 U9 `4 T4.3.1 利用传统和补
# Z' P+ ~6 X+ ~6 u+ l0 p充医学的潜在* ^7 q9 v8 z5 @
贡献,改善卫
" S2 O, q4 [2 C) i' _生服务和健康6 W6 ^. J( k2 d8 p" K5 g
结果8 U4 `( }# N5 s1 a7 o3 d) x
· 已把传统和补充医学纳入卫生系$ I* M' d8 T1 u0 M4 L: {& f6 P
统
2 m0 E2 w! B3 @5 |2 H8 g2 n2 J· 已改善传统和补充医学的服务与
! y4 F8 Z- f, c, w+ C可及性
8 T" s1 w) I8 i% m0 d# }· 已改善常规医学技术服务提供0 _; D7 X& m) @2 r
者、专业团体与传统和补充医学3 n {% R* b0 v0 [: Y- U0 H- K! A2 V
技术服务提供者之间在使用传统
8 X, @, R: U* m( ~* U' O和补充医学方面的沟通0 `6 ~2 o0 g" ^: i k" A
· 报告具有把传统和$ w6 g P* [* X" r& x& M, u* G8 B
补充医学服务纳入& W7 N4 P. A$ v, v
国家卫生服务提供
) y- H5 a; P$ o1 k的国家计划/规划/8 F( N' e6 I' e. N4 i2 I: H8 ]1 A
做法的会员国数量5 f0 [. y0 P: A, F
· 报告具有消费者在
# ?& x# m) d! ?0 ?+ C4 {使用传统和补充医3 V# l( R2 D% G. W& U
学进行自我卫生保4 H4 n* o+ J1 m2 E* J: j% @
健方面的教育项
/ }: Q+ G% W3 z4 j目/规划的会员国
( Q. \; @( t: z; A2 L7 Z; X数量& A8 Y0 k% u' S* R' X, |9 p2 Z
4.3.2 确保传统和补
+ g1 {8 r1 W/ a- V# J0 w; O充医学消费者/ C1 z/ K0 H3 l* v) j7 a1 v
能够对自我卫% K9 n) [7 k7 j6 H
生保健作出知4 m' A, \. x5 x) G+ h, `
情选择
% b4 a# `6 R0 J' g" I· 更充分了解和获取关于适当使用- s$ s: O/ r; f. X- a+ N
传统和补充医学的信息
/ f3 J: q6 C! G, k: ~: L· 改进常规医学技术服务提供者与; f; E, m/ w, |" d3 x/ W9 W
患者之间在使用传统和补充医学
' l3 a5 E; {: w% B _2 U4 A& D方面的沟通- S0 i0 g5 O: m2 w$ O! o- A4 `! c
战略的实施
" a7 ?; q1 O9 y8 O, V) O9 s世界卫生组织传统医学战略& G7 n( }3 O8 x) {
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