曹东义 发表于 2022-7-11 17:33
: I3 R8 v) w* L. ~( v h合作伙伴和利益攸关方的战略行动: \3 |% @, s6 _) U2 q" H
1. 鼓励消费者、各类技术服务提供者和研究人员积极参与培
( o. ^% C5 d. C- G训、服务 ...
& _3 E" U) }+ n/ a2 H% l6 A5. 战略的实施4 W3 z$ w |4 S- s
传统医学战略的目标是在以下方面支持会员国:
2 c/ K2 T- Q( t1. 掌握利用传统和补充医学对健康、福祉和以人为本的卫生
& r$ D6 b N3 n# |$ d' J/ r保健的潜在贡献;
' D+ b5 t( C# a; R' k* v2. 通过对传统和补充医学产品、实践和技术服务提供者进行
0 `0 k+ d! ~) T监管和评价,并酌情将其纳入卫生系统,促进其安全和有
, U- y; r7 N9 W3 N7 [3 A9 {效地使用。
! L- J6 _8 q" I! M3 A l8 I5 l; x本战略的制定是为了协助会员国决定其需求并确定重点,有
7 C1 F' }4 O6 v! R4 y _$ b效地提供服务,并制定适当的法规和政策以确保安全使用传统和$ o5 I3 v$ |/ B& ?8 h& V
补充医学产品与实践。必须牢记,本战略仅仅是一份指南,旨在' k* p" T6 D) J* w
协助各国根据本国的能力、优先重点、相关立法和情况制定传统
* W! l% U) R1 F+ c+ j4 V和补充医学战略目标。为此目的,世卫组织致力于监测战略的实
4 F8 I% a1 k8 U6 [施情况,并将尽可能广泛地进行传播。/ Q6 f4 J4 _2 [% v* E+ E3 |
与时俱进! N+ P Z: y' X1 W! a1 A6 L: J! k; R
在今后十年,将需要评估和重新考虑本战略,以便确保维持
9 J& S' y8 w: ]( k9 [其时代相关性。据预测,将在五年之后对战略进行评估以确定其9 G$ C' J: i/ H D5 L4 C1 r! N
具体目标、方向和总目标是否仍然适用并符合当时的现状。为了) t) ^" E% F" Z
确定战略的总体影响,将在十年期限结束时完成更为彻底的评# R+ l+ y$ |: F4 F* g/ q
估。8 b; C5 X- P% ?5 _3 @) C) t& p
衡量成果$ g) I8 w2 E% q( p( @; b& y( X( ?
为了使战略有效,必须以前后一致和客观的方式衡量其结
+ a, c0 f9 l: G* n. D- C0 `7 x* d果。虽然在使用传统和补充医学的方式方面有些共同点,但各会
' U1 d0 ? v m- C0 |员国之间存在差异。根据既定的三项战略目标,各会员国需要在8 @/ v2 ^$ ]- i0 Q& ]* X/ s: l* j
国家级层面制定绩效指标。希望本战略文件中提供的一般性范例
x8 H+ c8 [5 B5 n9 I' l将有助于会员国制定符合其具体需求的指标。根据每项战略目
, J& W6 k7 T* c9 Z; ]6 u3 ^标,世卫组织暂且制定了主要绩效指标的简要清单,将有助于会
" B* Z" p. ?+ a( V+ S8 |员国衡量传统医学战略的成果及进展情况(见表1)。. Z& K& W$ f' Y5 L4 L5 M
55
6 b( Z( {8 r0 A& U, v6 B2 a! N56
9 |0 y- j7 ~* ^' n表1:主要绩效指标
. L& X8 c# I# |8 ^! w战略目标 战略方向 预期结果 关键指标4 E) F0 L+ H2 p8 Y! I9 k6 y) ^
4.1 为制定适当的
. r2 W( d" _! b3 {# O) V! t d7 L. _国家政策以积 H% l' D* u- N3 M7 t
极管理传统和
0 ^1 m$ k$ }- W6 j补充医学建立0 \3 p- p9 R& q0 J: x* y" f# D
知识基础
" |( B9 r- r% e7 C; M' D/ _4.1.1 了解并承认传
# m: S8 m* S. d4 [. n/ f) c8 ?统和补充医学
, m& i% O; {; X+ g% M2 c6 c的作用与潜力, u; n- d4 F; K W6 f
· 会员国已确认与分析传统和补充
. Q* Y9 S: m! a" k& Y医学实践及技术服务提供者,并
) K+ y. Y8 F7 ~3 b; d3 K/ l已确定国家传统和补充医学概况
" z8 b$ k0 [0 m, b u· 政府已确立传统和补充医学政策
+ q( j( f1 J o9 Z" V. N2 i2 C与规划
1 [6 n" t$ q7 K; H" I· 报告具有国家/省/
5 p; G, K) t6 V州传统和补充医学
: b9 P5 k& M$ ]政策的会员国数量7 w$ \' N3 \5 p/ L' P8 [* V: X6 f
· 报告已增加政府/+ f' T9 Z3 w9 {
公立部门传统和补
0 m* c& w0 C2 c. p ]6 @7 r充医学研究资金的
. F: G c5 q0 \- r会员国数量
. Q0 s' n* Y# U* O, c: m4.1.2 加强知识基
$ O9 g7 Z _3 ?& j2 Z4 u础,建立证据
( I7 h+ j2 F" @4 R* o2 P" z并维持资源
+ Z1 Z: d6 f8 c· 已加强知识的产生、合作以及传- ~, Y: ?- C7 x! n: M+ x% q4 |2 b3 Y
统医学资源可持久地使用5 b2 K: u5 W, Z5 B( {9 K; j
4.2 通过监管产6 o& X; u, t+ e2 e
品、实践和技
$ ^) l- \7 v3 p术服务提供
& q: o1 H/ d+ H) L6 q* _者,加强传统
" D1 @5 z7 O4 A. e2 o和补充医学的
+ F, P6 g+ l, a# [+ H质量保证、安9 i8 s3 |. X% _4 ^
全性、适用性/ u0 q% t" w L9 n6 b
和有效性4 e) x, B: G5 E$ H# m
4.2.1 承认产品监管
# [& {, w% j3 n' Y+ o的作用和重要
: G3 c+ z* Y- L( o' l0 f性5 D) ^. M5 A# F- D& q
· 已确立和实施国家对传统和补充. s- q5 P* B+ w
医学产品的管制,包括注册
" I+ T0 o3 p8 m3 b- D; M· 已加强监测传统和补充医学产品7 L. M: y% T. O9 C
及其它传统和补充医学疗法的安5 Z% V& R: u6 W( ?0 E$ I6 l
全性
3 m: q q$ P1 {( j6 l· 已制定用于评价传统和补充医学, Y: Z! x/ O" |, n) S
安全性、疗效与质量的技术指南
$ e) ?$ ^/ d. k: ]和方法
0 L+ B7 ^! I( V9 S# y- w8 [6 S5 T/ J· 报告国家对传统和
1 }! h; s& Y. J2 \+ p补充医学产品进行
+ `; E; G0 ]8 ~9 }5 b监管的会员国数量" [2 y, h; h) W
· 报告国家/省/州对' Y- F" D8 W C. G7 J
传统和补充医学实
. m# J$ Q* I' C" d! c$ N践进行监管的会员. ~% W$ d7 f1 A5 Q \8 I
国数量
5 c( B( V, k& j, G; m3 M0 C· 报告国家/省/州对
& \1 s4 O l( N( K+ s$ g6 j( R# Q传统和补充医学技% C1 \; L- F6 o
术服务提供者进行2 [1 t' w1 N# X
监管/注册的会员0 F' N, Q4 W1 C% D
国数量
9 s) ?; h% J: D3 y; I" y4.2.2 承认并制定实
2 T! i& G1 r V) c* y3 [践及技术服务
5 u! e4 X5 O( f! l M( w提供者法规,5 @% @% U' ?6 \2 r/ \
用于传统和补. [* y, P4 m5 j8 W: q
充医学教育与! u" f, }! m0 W
培训、技能发
& h! @. {- i4 e! t4 r展、服务和疗
. N9 k* A# P4 g6 S3 B法
# i+ X9 Z& F. d& z6 Y+ ~- O· 政府已为传统和补充医学产品、
) C2 {& |# W/ ]8 n# B实践与技术服务提供者制定标准0 M: M" i- E3 I+ F( G+ e
· 已为传统和补充医学技术服务提
4 O, U4 P) i3 X. n0 y% l' {! T供者确立教育/培训规划、基本 e$ y* m9 V, @" ^4 t
规范和实施能力
7 ]5 l$ H; N3 i5 D6 |· 已改进传统和补充医学安全和有
! ^6 _/ \5 B9 r& A效的使用
( @% y8 y# K% w9 k4.3 通过把传统和. ^# }# D: H9 H' C# X( l
补充医学服务$ h0 `, l( H r* }5 u( O3 l
纳入卫生保健0 J& n7 R6 j- ]3 [1 a0 Y
服务提供和自0 l) r& O# T- r: L5 @1 v
我卫生保健,
# b6 Z" y7 m% ~8 ?. x促进全民健康9 m, _8 Z5 }4 q: {3 n
覆盖6 `& `' I" R9 Z+ o
4.3.1 利用传统和补
; K0 `' V6 @4 r& U充医学的潜在6 P4 E/ h' H& }3 ?, T
贡献,改善卫 j# P8 C4 j2 F
生服务和健康
- M; V) |5 k+ d) }结果
- j. u/ s3 }, j& d· 已把传统和补充医学纳入卫生系
! D* Q& Q6 g1 l8 Z% d统7 Y4 e. }* H6 z
· 已改善传统和补充医学的服务与
/ @" m9 G5 G: { `' R+ S可及性
# G6 K: L. ~+ f0 l+ f! ]; O% y· 已改善常规医学技术服务提供; H; z5 Q8 U8 b( c3 `: G0 [
者、专业团体与传统和补充医学5 f9 p0 w! R# Q$ a# `
技术服务提供者之间在使用传统
! K( `7 ~8 t* K+ r3 g和补充医学方面的沟通
* w' N" R1 [8 T9 n& d) j: C· 报告具有把传统和
4 s) r# ~+ q" @- K$ j! O1 X补充医学服务纳入# G, ^9 w( o0 X [6 Z) C
国家卫生服务提供! t# V. ?, T0 N. H! b7 Z
的国家计划/规划/
) J* P6 K* J* w4 _ g5 K做法的会员国数量
/ X$ F) u* ^2 v· 报告具有消费者在. W. I1 t$ Z$ ~: R. v, X! t# } e; k
使用传统和补充医/ r8 m6 W+ b! l t4 ]2 a
学进行自我卫生保
% F8 P& z2 n8 W! G0 D6 r健方面的教育项
2 ~1 C0 z8 x$ j1 W; ?目/规划的会员国
9 P, j! I1 u" b7 ^! e1 X数量
+ j: S- ~" O! g2 U7 m7 ]4.3.2 确保传统和补: M+ K" g! X$ Q, i# I8 u
充医学消费者 r8 d4 p4 Z: q. m# R. x
能够对自我卫7 w+ V) \! i) N0 @3 j3 ?& O
生保健作出知7 H8 R# h! C3 k6 k7 M
情选择
+ Y4 \( e C% A! w· 更充分了解和获取关于适当使用. ~) l9 f5 S" F- V
传统和补充医学的信息
* ^& h- H2 I! {1 [9 B· 改进常规医学技术服务提供者与6 r& _( z' G7 T' p4 D0 X2 T& Z) b9 ]
患者之间在使用传统和补充医学
9 ]7 s) s3 j7 |& a方面的沟通5 h) E, B5 \" e: V/ ]* G: O' w! Y8 b6 b
战略的实施0 i6 P; o+ |; v% X$ g
世界卫生组织传统医学战略5 I6 w" Z/ b, s4 @( a1 _ C& z
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