曹东义 发表于 2022-7-11 17:33
& }' [6 G' i8 m/ r, i0 Q' H) n合作伙伴和利益攸关方的战略行动:
- O: |% E+ y1 ~$ ~1. 鼓励消费者、各类技术服务提供者和研究人员积极参与培9 P, e- C3 q. S# J5 r7 ]
训、服务 ... * @) Z; }8 X7 P, S9 m. z$ L$ x
5. 战略的实施
. d+ b, B; a' Q& H- `传统医学战略的目标是在以下方面支持会员国:
8 N+ o, e. M+ P1 ~1. 掌握利用传统和补充医学对健康、福祉和以人为本的卫生
0 I' R+ {/ p& t" H0 m; j保健的潜在贡献;7 H0 a9 q+ A; m7 {4 U2 m' O
2. 通过对传统和补充医学产品、实践和技术服务提供者进行
$ o1 h! g# G3 i监管和评价,并酌情将其纳入卫生系统,促进其安全和有0 w2 C {. i' U7 Q2 d$ ~
效地使用。
/ |6 C9 \* h, f7 ] X( x本战略的制定是为了协助会员国决定其需求并确定重点,有& i, Y" u$ `+ {5 G
效地提供服务,并制定适当的法规和政策以确保安全使用传统和/ P! h4 I, e: t' z
补充医学产品与实践。必须牢记,本战略仅仅是一份指南,旨在
8 Z) l' T% X0 P7 F5 Z协助各国根据本国的能力、优先重点、相关立法和情况制定传统
- _5 Y1 D( G* J! k6 O( x和补充医学战略目标。为此目的,世卫组织致力于监测战略的实/ ` H% t( z+ g! F8 t7 u0 g
施情况,并将尽可能广泛地进行传播。
- k; k& B8 P4 |/ f; I+ c/ s$ L与时俱进
/ w8 B8 g% V9 l! M& ^* n在今后十年,将需要评估和重新考虑本战略,以便确保维持
4 g* {# ^+ E" P( I0 V! A$ P1 x其时代相关性。据预测,将在五年之后对战略进行评估以确定其/ M& n0 _( X9 w/ q% D
具体目标、方向和总目标是否仍然适用并符合当时的现状。为了
* X [ a) h9 k" c3 G4 D确定战略的总体影响,将在十年期限结束时完成更为彻底的评0 U0 U' H- P# Y, A9 Q
估。* [' B+ ]" s/ r" O" L) y, u
衡量成果
" V% W- m+ j/ R& y为了使战略有效,必须以前后一致和客观的方式衡量其结2 \6 Q" X# D2 d- q* [9 u) l" e
果。虽然在使用传统和补充医学的方式方面有些共同点,但各会
- P5 K4 I9 j- O# u) q2 W% v员国之间存在差异。根据既定的三项战略目标,各会员国需要在
6 t2 c& r; E9 g* w+ B. v/ e$ E" \国家级层面制定绩效指标。希望本战略文件中提供的一般性范例2 T/ b4 C" ]; i% d
将有助于会员国制定符合其具体需求的指标。根据每项战略目
4 w! `- u% k" m$ B! z标,世卫组织暂且制定了主要绩效指标的简要清单,将有助于会
% G0 t) o# e, x: l2 i- q员国衡量传统医学战略的成果及进展情况(见表1)。$ u5 c8 l, f! [/ ?9 J
55 U$ z! L' H$ @& Y# f& a* T$ N
56
! d, E5 ^! D, A, v! d- V表1:主要绩效指标% R! q. y8 ^3 K
战略目标 战略方向 预期结果 关键指标
0 p0 S! r# X$ d: `0 z: V0 H4.1 为制定适当的9 A* M/ [0 ]+ [/ D* i j g
国家政策以积
! K. @0 q6 F+ U" Q极管理传统和: w) O7 Y- ]! b7 |
补充医学建立
) Q0 {3 ^ V7 S8 d; O- v知识基础
& m$ l# f( e! d1 b; T4.1.1 了解并承认传% c9 Z: ^+ j' t e0 D
统和补充医学8 A7 V: v) ^/ X: y, k6 G
的作用与潜力) l" R+ F& j. ?9 b, Q1 y9 R: ?
· 会员国已确认与分析传统和补充2 k& _0 [$ G" t
医学实践及技术服务提供者,并2 d* J& x4 l3 L5 p3 G
已确定国家传统和补充医学概况
2 Z1 G. d" b0 l3 D5 u· 政府已确立传统和补充医学政策; S2 f( P& M% H, A. i/ S* |) z
与规划
& S4 _! y2 s: y3 k· 报告具有国家/省/
k$ A) Y4 i) y! `0 w9 x" e- F州传统和补充医学7 Z* M, z8 O1 ]# Y; P& W
政策的会员国数量
' `* H& i- e% N0 U( t; s· 报告已增加政府/
8 @) Q/ ?! m# r8 W8 U! Y9 [0 w公立部门传统和补
3 e3 P& E3 O. d! |# Z2 \充医学研究资金的0 I) y1 k/ ]% U" e& p* t; p
会员国数量
* z6 W; ^3 V0 j8 o9 U8 j4.1.2 加强知识基' s. h& I. m! x+ I! w \
础,建立证据
q. {' Y" r( u0 {' J5 t并维持资源/ i$ U/ J ~( z
· 已加强知识的产生、合作以及传
' z$ D: D" V$ e9 V- y; _1 k; k统医学资源可持久地使用
/ T* E, W, G8 S y9 v; q6 a4.2 通过监管产9 V3 y6 E$ j. C6 e
品、实践和技) ~" e! r/ o7 ?/ }( a& C
术服务提供
% i$ o: F* a: `3 M8 w* h: Q7 M4 p者,加强传统
* e h/ r0 {8 z& X" ^# T和补充医学的
! ?1 p1 [$ l9 N2 P. x质量保证、安+ @+ D9 c8 \+ d5 M' ~, u( ^0 p5 b$ p
全性、适用性2 m) b& K: R, R1 r# i5 O
和有效性, N5 u2 K# P0 B* Y
4.2.1 承认产品监管
9 X. h6 G: v4 j7 R$ h ?的作用和重要- Q+ m9 G3 _# R9 O2 y& y
性! H7 L: b. U4 \/ i, t
· 已确立和实施国家对传统和补充8 v& c6 V K) [) z6 g: d
医学产品的管制,包括注册
. P; u4 t* ]6 A' C$ q· 已加强监测传统和补充医学产品% ?. ]! y( L( \$ r3 P
及其它传统和补充医学疗法的安5 x; i* ~4 m( B- G& S. n) l% D
全性1 y& `$ E3 P. t4 r9 b7 }
· 已制定用于评价传统和补充医学
7 P. ]. s ] v+ g0 y T" r6 r/ \# q0 n安全性、疗效与质量的技术指南
, U6 c7 A& ]& \和方法/ B, n# w |+ ^% o9 v% [- U, I A
· 报告国家对传统和
) C* a6 }- p; ^" ]补充医学产品进行
. t d% z# z" _4 z% H# A监管的会员国数量
; K8 I/ N7 |% N% k9 p7 F· 报告国家/省/州对. d, c+ R% {: `; m. a K
传统和补充医学实
8 r$ W7 i- [' V; g) w0 }% S践进行监管的会员+ M: C* a3 J; k k+ i( p
国数量7 S# v _5 u+ B% ^2 }
· 报告国家/省/州对
* v" R7 t7 P5 T: m0 x/ a传统和补充医学技2 }7 m9 C2 T! e2 H/ R9 Q
术服务提供者进行, e$ k6 p5 i9 V: r; a1 K
监管/注册的会员
! r) d: B# b- X/ P t( G国数量# r6 e. Y/ a: z2 m `) n& F
4.2.2 承认并制定实
% L" ~& `. Z# \1 K" g- z5 f践及技术服务5 ^# `# a& v9 ]; j4 w1 f% Q
提供者法规,) R2 B2 a$ Y. v3 l( O3 V( M. }
用于传统和补1 Z: [. X- S+ M: T. u, r8 L, D1 K
充医学教育与
' j U/ `8 _" ~4 s1 |- ~9 \培训、技能发3 e6 S# r' j, ?2 L- w B
展、服务和疗" f' p; i! V! M* c
法2 r; G: @2 J# z1 Y) S
· 政府已为传统和补充医学产品、
6 ~# i& |$ O0 @5 ~1 E6 V# q实践与技术服务提供者制定标准
- A) y7 H x1 W- A3 M: ]) Y0 c3 j, ~, ?· 已为传统和补充医学技术服务提6 E7 X- {" {; E" W! F' W2 t
供者确立教育/培训规划、基本
+ J z9 Z' J% u$ r/ h规范和实施能力
- J* `6 z5 h5 ~# Y( d$ W; M3 G- ~· 已改进传统和补充医学安全和有2 ]7 X' R: `) C
效的使用
$ O" e5 E! o S( Z I4.3 通过把传统和
# M6 Z/ G7 ~- [, R0 r- s& q补充医学服务
/ f$ e+ J8 [* K" x# }纳入卫生保健
0 y5 _4 u5 U7 d, y+ }% C服务提供和自
' Y7 F2 m! |5 |* \! g7 F我卫生保健," n, x2 y9 }- V1 Z
促进全民健康! q v. L. k" I0 O" z! ]; n
覆盖. y9 E$ p" s c0 u, `- h3 x
4.3.1 利用传统和补4 y t2 [1 Z" I/ _1 Q
充医学的潜在
( {2 C: ^4 F" ^& C0 C$ `贡献,改善卫" J6 i' B0 p; b# `- A: ~" A
生服务和健康5 g2 n/ Q3 J1 k/ c+ V
结果
" v7 `$ l) G# l) p· 已把传统和补充医学纳入卫生系3 ?7 c% m1 {1 N
统
6 \/ V: t+ J2 Q& J+ W· 已改善传统和补充医学的服务与+ c2 E; C$ B* H
可及性" X c9 p- v. m/ ]5 l) m6 [3 P
· 已改善常规医学技术服务提供4 \( J( ~$ C4 W( ~( _' N
者、专业团体与传统和补充医学
$ f) H1 T, s1 D* u- O& ^2 X8 \技术服务提供者之间在使用传统+ V( m/ H# v2 |0 K+ V
和补充医学方面的沟通* K* S5 \4 m5 t' w
· 报告具有把传统和* K3 R' \" B% i; y! e/ x
补充医学服务纳入
v$ b' }. o3 e Y& C国家卫生服务提供7 u H E9 T6 [5 r" V+ e, G
的国家计划/规划/
2 w' P) J9 w4 X# Y/ c7 |& _做法的会员国数量4 Q/ ^2 J! q' i% a( N4 O
· 报告具有消费者在% f; p) D. M/ l- M
使用传统和补充医
( |) t: p/ l6 l& h% D, q& X$ L学进行自我卫生保9 W5 Y/ l5 i; s0 }- f! C3 V
健方面的教育项; N* ~* z4 f. `% t% m5 [
目/规划的会员国
]; V7 L. E+ }0 g6 F$ N, m数量7 M: v4 Z. \' ?
4.3.2 确保传统和补
5 x+ }. I- ~( {/ ^4 j/ _5 r& N充医学消费者3 }6 {0 o% Z0 l. x3 W$ u+ a
能够对自我卫, j! x. }7 R4 P% M
生保健作出知
9 K5 N+ A7 K% V' P" ^情选择
5 x! [) K" Q$ ?8 p" Y8 A· 更充分了解和获取关于适当使用& m: p3 h6 }: n. F. p
传统和补充医学的信息2 \- n) k( W4 d
· 改进常规医学技术服务提供者与
& b, `3 g" g0 a/ j4 y4 y: L" o患者之间在使用传统和补充医学
; c0 h" c6 g: y0 @方面的沟通( b; {4 c) L$ k. ~3 ]
战略的实施
% j6 E* P9 @8 l4 e* {0 e世界卫生组织传统医学战略
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